Addiction Medicine Boards Complete Practice Test 2025

Mephedrone and alpha-PVP are synthetic cathinones that belong to a class of drugs known as "bath salts." One of the most significant risks associated with their use is the potential for severe medical complications, including colitis and acute kidney injury. These conditions can arise due to the physiological stress the drugs place on the body and their effects on the gastrointestinal and renal systems.

Colitis, or inflammation of the colon, can result from the toxic effects of these substances, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and, in severe cases, bowel perforation. Acute kidney injury can occur due to the increased likelihood of dehydration, rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown), and the direct nephrotoxic effects of the drugs.

While respiratory depression, insomnia, and persistent nausea are also concerns associated with the use of stimulants including synthetic cathinones, they do not carry the same level of acute medical risk as colitis and acute kidney injury, which can lead to serious long-term health consequences if not addressed promptly.